For over 90 years, the Institute of Disinfection has provided scientific support for disinfection efforts in the country. Based on applied challenges, eight research projects are currently underway in key areas of high demand. We are developing products and materials with permanent antimicrobial, insectoacaricidal, and repellent properties for medicine and various industries and services. Within the microbiology sphere, scientists identify new approaches to testing strains standardization and generate a novel set of samples for effective disinfection product and technology analysis. We are studying the resistance of arthropods to current insecticides and insectoacaricides, developing rapid methods for its determination based on advanced molecular biology technologies, and continuing the search for alternative materials. New rodent control methods and tools are being developed, including through the analysis of data on minimum permissible concentration levels for rodenticides, resistance is being studied and modeled, and active work is underway to map areas for rodent infestation. In toxicology, household chemicals with claimed antimicrobial properties are being studied to develop appropriate criteria for classifying products in this category. Research has also been launched to develop biodegradable protective gloves with antimicrobial properties for infectious disease prevention and environmental protection. A research project to develop optimized approaches to organizing and implementing disinfection measures in food processing facilities is planned for 2026–2030. The institute also provides scientific and methodological support for the licensing of disinfection, disinfestation, and deratization services. Much attention is paid to intersectoral collaboration, and specialist training is being conducted. Science-based support for disinfection practices remains the main focus of the Institute of Disinfectology, with its unique scientific approach and up-to-date technology in the post-Soviet space, keeping up its strong traditions and looking forward to solving current issues in ensuring Russia's sanitary and epidemiological well-being.

Contribution:
Demina Yu.V. — writing a text, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript, approval of the manuscript final version;
Zakharova Yu.A., Andreev S.V., Aksenova A.S. — writing a text, editing.

Funding. This study was not supported by any external sources of funding.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no apparent or potential conflicts of interest related to the publication of this article.

Received: 29.09.2025 / Accepted: 15.11.2025 / Published: 10.12.2025

Introduction. Exposure to disinfectants can negatively affect human and animal health, including respiratory tract irritation, inflammation, swelling, and allergic reactions.

Objective. Establish the toxicity and danger of using working solutions of disinfectants with different chlorine dioxide content.

Materials and Methods. Working solutions of disinfectants with chlorine dioxide content in concentrations from 0.01 to 0.075% were studied. In the study of working solutions in animals, the functional state of the nervous and respiratory systems was assessed. The chlorine dioxide content in the air was determined during surface treatment with a working solution with a chlorine dioxide concentration of 0.04%.

Results. Hazard classes of working solutions of chlorine dioxide were established, which depended not only on the concentration of chlorine dioxide, but also on the initial composition of the components of disinfectants. Working solutions with a concentration of chlorine dioxide of 0.075% belong to the 2nd class of dangerous products, with a concentration of chlorine dioxide of 0.05–0.01% belong to the 4th class of low-risk products according to the Classification of the degree of inhalation hazard of disinfectants in the zone of acute biocidal action. The conducted sanitary and chemical studies of the studied disinfectants did not reveal a high content of chlorine dioxide in the air.

Limitations. Only studies of the nervous and respiratory systems have been conducted, studies of the functional state of the liver and kidneys have not been conducted.

Conclusion. A working solution with a chlorine dioxide concentration of 0.075% can be used by specialists in personal protective equipment in the absence of patients and the public. Working solutions with a concentration of 0.05–0.01% chlorine dioxide can be used both in the presence of patients and in everyday life. When treating surfaces with chlorine dioxide-based disinfectants by wiping, prolonged ventilation of rooms is not required to remove them.

Ethics approval. Ethics Committee (subcommittee) Institute of Disinfection of the F.F. FNTSG. Rospotrebnadzor adopted and approved the program of toxicological studies of disinfectants for inhalation exposure to laboratory animals. The experiments were conducted in accordance with Directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of the European Union dated September 22, 2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes, by order of the Ministry of Health Russia from 04/01/2016 No. 199n.

Contribution:
Pankratova G.P. — concept and design of the study, writing text;
Bidevkina M.V. — general idea, writing the text and editing the article;
Shaykhutdinova Z.K. — conducting research, collection and statistical processing of material;
Morozov A.S. — concept and design of the study, collection and processing of material, writing text;
Zverev S.A. — writing text;
Vinogradova A.I. — statistical processing of material.
All co-authors — integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.

Funding. The study had no sponsorship and was carried out as part of a research project on the topic "Development of methods for the comprehensive assessment of the toxic effects of disinfectants and technologies for their use" (reg. No. R&D 023032900200-8-3.1.7).

Conflict of interest. The authors declare that there are no obvious or potential conflicts of interest in relation to the publishing this article.

Received: 07.07.2025 / Accepted: 26.10.2025 / Published: 10.12.2025

Introduction. One of the most important tasks of modern deratization is to increase the palatability of rodenticide baits. A way to solve this problem may be to add a flavoring composition to the bait base, which will increase the attractiveness of the bait for target animals.

Materials and methods. The study assessed the effects of adding artificial flavors (of various origins) to a grain-based rodenticide bait on its palatability under free-roaming conditions by house mice (Mus musculus).

Results. The odorant "Almond" dose-dependently increased the grain bait palatability by mice. The odorant added at a 1% concentration raised bait consumption to up to 76.54%. Although an increase in consumption was already observed when adding the flavoring agent at a concentration of 0.1% and amounted to 58.08%. Adding the flavoring agent "Cheese" caused maximum palatability at a concentration of 0.1%. The odorants "Vanilla" and "Bacon" demonstrated a slight increase in the consumption of grain bait, but the figures did not exceed 40% for any of the concentrations studied.

Conclusion. Thus, to increase the palatability of rodenticide baits by house mice, synthetic flavoring agents imitating "nutty" smells should be considered first. 

Ethics approval. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Disinfectology Institute of “FSCH named after F.F. Erisman” of Rospotrebnadzor" (No. 2¹, dates May 6, 2025), conducted in accordance with the European Convention for the Protection of Vertebrate Animals used for Experimental and other Scientific Purposes (ETS No. 123), the Directive of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union.

Contribution:
Khirazova E.E. — data processing, writing the text;
Gevorkyan I.S., Sitnikova A.I., Kurashova D.I. — collection of materials;
Komarov V.Yu. — concept and design of the study, editing.
All co-authors — approval of the final version of the article, responsibility for the integrity of all parts of the article.

Funding. This study was not supported by any external sources of funding.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no apparent or potential conflicts of interest related to the publication of this article.

Received: 09.09.2025 / Accepted: 15.11.2025 / Published: 10.12.2025